ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the risk factors of detection of uric acid crystals by dual energy CT (DECT) in patients with gout diagnosed by gold standard.@*METHODS@#From June 2011 to December 2018, clinical data of 29 patients were collected who were diagnosed with acute or chronic gout by positive polarized light analysis of joint synovial fluid in First Hospital of Peking University. Chi-square test, Logistic regression and t-test were used. The relationship between DECT and the clinical data, laboratory examination and drug treatment were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#In this study, 29 patients were included, of whom, 22 patients were detected with uric acid crystals by DECT, and 7 patients were not. According to whether the uric acid crystals were detected or not by DECT, the patients were divided into two groups. Compared with the negative group, the patients were older in positive group [(47±12) vs. (39±11) years, P=0.15], had higher body bass index (BMI) [(27.9±3.7) vs. (22.8±2.1) kg/m2, P=0.002], longer gout disease duration [(135±102) vs.(45±53) months, P=0.035], higher in the highest serum uric acid in history [(643±121) vs. (543±103) μmol/L, P=0.043]. Although uric acid near DECT in positive group was higher than in negative group, there was no statistical difference [(558±150) vs. (513±89) μmol/L, P=0.497]. Comparing positive group with negative group, the percentage of the patients in acute phase was higher than in chronic phase [18(81.8%) vs. 4(57%), P=0.311];the percentage of the patients taking uric-acid-lowering drugs was higher than the other group [22(100%) vs. 5 (71%), P=0.052];the percentage of the patients with recurrent typical attacks was higher than that of those without typical attacks [22 (100%) vs.6 (85%), P=0.241]. The consistency of symptoms and the finding of uric acid crystals by DECT had been compared between the joints. The right knee joint had the highest consistency (Kappa=0.627), followed by the left MTP1 (Kappa=0.58), the right metatarsophalangeal 1(MTP1, Kappa=0.551) and the left knee (Kappa=0.494), all of which had statistical significance. The consistency of the ankle joint was lower (the right ankle joint: Kappa=0.19, the left ankle joint: Kappa=0.256), showing no statistical significance. BMI (kg/m2) [2.307 (1.139-4.670), P=0.02], gout duration (years) [0.306 (0.906-4.881), P=0.186], and the highest uric acid level in history (mg/dL) [0.023 (0.981-2.764), P=0.137] had relationship to the positive result of urate crystals in DECT.@*CONCLUSION@#Gout patients with larger BMI, higher previous highest uric acid value and longer gout duration had higher sensitivity of the positive result in DECT.
Subject(s)
Humans , Arthritis, Gouty , Gout/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Uric AcidABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the differentiation ability difference of hematopoietic, mesenchymal and endothelial potential between CD41⁺ cells derived from the mouse aorta-gonadmesonephros (AGM) region, yolk sac (YS) and embryonic circulating blood (CB).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CD41⁺ cells were sorted from AGM, YS and CB. The CD45 and c-kit expression were studied in CD41⁺ cells by flow cytometry. IL-3 and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) treatment together with semi solid culture were used to assess hematopoietic potential difference of CD41⁺ cells. Immunofluorescence staining of α-SMA was used to assess mesenchymal potential difference. The endothelial cell induction system was used to assess endothelial potential difference.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proportions of CD45+ cells in CD41⁺ population were 51.9% (AGM), 45.8% (YS) and 22.2% (CB), respectively, while those of c-kit⁺ cells were 40.0% (AGM), 39.6% (YS) and 36.2% (CB), respectively. After stimulated by IL-3 factor, the number of total colonies increased in all three groups-derived CD41⁺ cells compared to that of unstimulated group[(14.1±1.9) vs (1.2±0.2), (32.4±1.1) vs (18.4±2.2) and (41.8±0.9) vs (10.4±1.8)], (P<0.01). After stimulated by BMP-4 factor, compared to unstimulated group, CFU-Mix colony number in CD41⁺ cells from AGM region and YS were significantly decreased[(0.5±0.6) vs (3.2±0.8), (1.3±0.7) vs (7.4±1.7)](P<0.01), but there was no difference in CB group[(2.5±0.5) vs (3.9±1.5)](P>0.01). The mesenchymal marker α-SMA was highly expressed in CD41⁺ cells from AGM region and YS, but lowly expressed in CD41⁺ cells from CB.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are some differences between CD41⁺ cells in AGM region, YS and CB on hematopoietic cell surface marker expression, hematopoietic colony formation with IL-3 and BMP-4 stimulation.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Aorta , Cell Biology , Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 , Pharmacology , Cell Differentiation , Gonads , Cell Biology , Interleukin-3 , Pharmacology , Mesonephros , Cell Biology , Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb , Metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit , Metabolism , Yolk Sac , Cell BiologyABSTRACT
Objective A HPLC method was established for determination of the content of ATST in the aqueous humor of rabbits. MethodsThe mobile phase was consisting of methanol-1％ triethylamine(57:43) and omeprazole (OMZ) as internal standard. The detection was carried out with an ultraviolet detector operated at 235nm. ResultsThere was linearity over the range of 2. 056～41.12 ug/ml in the humor aquosus, r=0.9997. The average recovery of ATST was 94.58 ％. Intra-day and in- ter-day RSD were less than 5 ％ and 10 ％ ( n = 5), respectively. Conclusion The method is reliable. It can be used for the study on the pharmacokinetics of ATST.